criminal justice online and police misconduct. police work is dangerous.  A routine arrest may suddenly turn into a violent confrontation, sometimes triggered by drugs, alcohol or mental illness.  The right to use force carries heavy responsibilities. There are many factors contributing to police abuse and misconduct.  One is the lack of leadership, supervission and training on the part of police managers, leaders and supervisors.  Another contributing factor is the police subculture.  When police officers

Christopher Commission Report on the Los Angeles Police Department - Download your copy

The police subculture is impacted and developed by ten factors, the police may view themselves as the real crime fighters, the police may believe no one understands their job, police officers have a great deal of loyalty to each other, police may bend the rules to fight crime (noble cause theory), police officers may believe that no one understands them, their is a bias toward patrol and detectives, law enforcement is dangerous, there is a great deal of secrecy in policing, especially with the concepts

Knoll Report on the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department - Download your free copy

secrecy concepts like need to know and right to know separate the police from other government agencies. The police are also insullated from other groups.  Sometimes, the contextual environment helps the police to exercise discretion more appropriately.   Other factors affect discretion (do i intervene, what do I do, how to I act) like legal factors.  Research indicates that the seriousness of the crime decreases police discretion.  However, the police officers perception on the seriousness of the crime may

The Mollen Report on the New York Police Department (NYPD), download your copy

Every criminal justice program should include a course on police corruption and misconduct.

Online Resources

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Organizations/Associations

Americans for Effective Law Enforcement

Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies

Hispanic American Police Command Officer’s Association

The International Association of Chiefs of Police

National Association of Civilian Oversight of Law Enforcement

National Association of Women Law Enforcement Executives

National Black Police Association

National Center for Women and Policing

National Latino Peace Officers Association

National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives

National Sheriffs' Association

Police Executive Research Forum

The Police Foundation

Information

Dr. Geoffrey P. Alpert

Sam Walker

Vera Institute of Justice-Civilian Oversight

Government

Department of Justice

Office of Community Oriented Policing (COPS)

National Institute of Justice

Special Litigation, Department of Justice

Police Associations

Fraternal Order of Police

National Association of Police Organizations

Public Interest Groups

ACLU Criminal Justice Page

Lawyers for Human Rights

Leadership Conference on Civil Rights

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Macarthur Justice Center

National Urban League

Civilian Review Boards

Albany, New York, Citizen Police Review Board

Albuquerque, New Mexico, Office of Independent Review of the Police Oversight Commission

Baltimore, Maryland, Civilian Review Board

Berkeley, California, The Police Review Commission

Berkeley, California, University of Berkeley California, Police Review Board

Boise, Idaho, Ombudsman

Buffalo, New York, Commission on Citizen Rights and Community Relations

Cambridge, Massachusetts, Police Review and Advisory Board

Dallas, Texas, Police Citizen Review Board

Dayton, Ohio, Ombudsman

Denver, Colorado, Public Safety Review Commission

Detroit, Michigan, The Board of Police Commissioners

Honolulu, Hawaii, Police Commission

Indianapolis, Indiana, Citizen Complaint Office

Iowa City, Iowa, Police Citizens Review Board

Kansas City, Missouri, The Office of Citizen Complaints

King County, Washington, Ombudsman

Knoxville, Tennessee, Police Advisory & Review Committee

Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department

Los Angeles, California, Office of Independent Review

Las Vegas, Nevada, Citizen Review Board

Long Beach, California, Citizen Complaint Commission

Los Angeles, California, Office of Inspector General

Los Angeles County, California, Office of the Ombudsman

Miami-Dade, Florida, Independent Review Panel

Milwaukee, Wisconsin Fire and Police Commission

Minneapolis, Minnesota, Civilian Review Authority

New York City, New York, Civilian Review Complaint Board

Oakland, California, Citizen’s Police Review Board

Orange County, Florida, The Citizen Review Board

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Police Advisory Commission

Pittsburgh Citizen Review Board

Portland, Oregon, Independent Police Review Board

Rochester, New York, Center for Dispute Settlement

Salt Lake City, Utah, Civilian Review Board

San Diego, California, The Citizens Law Enforcement Review Board

San Diego, California, City of San Diego Citizens' Review Board on Police Practices

San Francisco, California, Office of Citizen Complaints

San Jose, California, Office of the Independent Police Auditor

Santa Cruz, California, Citizen’s Police Review Board

Sausalito, California, Citizen Advisory Board

Seattle, Washington, Office of Professional Accountability

Tucson, Arizona, Independent Police Auditor

Washington, D.C., Office of Citizen Complaint Review

Monitor Reports

Cincinnati Monitor

Los Angeles Police Department

Metropolitian Police Department, Washington, D.C.

New Jersey State Troopers

 

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